A prothrombin time (PT) test measures how long it takes for blood to clot. It’s a blood test that helps evaluate the ability of blood to clot normally.
What it measures
The time it takes for a blood sample to clot after adding chemicals
The function of clotting factors, which are proteins that help blood clot
Why it’s done
To diagnose bleeding or blood clotting disorders
To check if blood-thinning medications are working properly
How it’s done
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in the arm or hand
Chemicals are added to the blood to see how long it takes for a clot to form
Results
Normal PT values are 10 to 14 seconds
The international normalized ratio (INR) is a calculation based on the PT result
Risks
Excessive bleeding
Hematoma (blood under the skin)
Infection at the puncture site
Feeling faint or soreness or pain at the site where blood was drawn
Related tests
Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is another blood test that measures the function of a different part of the clotting system
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