Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-10% of women of reproductive age, making it the most common endocrine disorder of women in this age group. It is characterized by amenorrhea, hirsuitism and infertility. It is caused by a complex interaction of abnormalities in gonadotropins, androgens & estrogens. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia contribute significantly to its pathophysiology. Although PCOS is associated with hyperandrogenism & infertility early in life, it is a harbinger of a lifelong condition that can lead to serious sequelae such as Endometrial or Ovarian cancer, Diabetes mellitus & Coronary artery disease. Thus, it is crucial to diagnose PCOS early in its course not only to recognize but also to delay or arrest its metabolic sequelae.